Magna Scientia
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/2311
2024-03-28T12:40:12ZIndicators for agroecological transition: Food security, nutrition, well-being, promotion of a sustainable food model
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/3926
Indicators for agroecological transition: Food security, nutrition, well-being, promotion of a sustainable food model
Raigón Jiménez, María Dolores; Vélez Zabala, Francisco Javier; Leandro Baladrón, Paloma
Agroecology is a viable alternative confronting the impressive model of industrial agriculture. To project the concept of Agroecology beyond theoretical definitions to practical and quantifiable principles, it is necessary to have analysis, communication and evaluation tools that support and allow the evaluation of positions. Indicators are quantifiable tools that make the obtention of numerical variables possible to compare the different models. This study aims to establish a proposal of quantifiable indicators to evaluate the direct impact of aspects related to food and nutritional quality, responding to the demand for an integrated evaluation of agroecological systems, thus improving the tools for calculating current indicators. The proposed parameters cover aspects that have a greater or lesser impact on the daily diet, such as the variability of the foods that make up the dish, their contribution to food safety, the nutritional composition and bioactive components, organoleptic aspects, degree of processing and transformation of the food consumed, environmental aspects that influence the production model and their influence on human well-being. As well as parameters of the social sphere, such as the impact on the economy of scale, on attributes of proximity, temporality, as well as indicators related to social justice. The proposal can help to obtain assessment before or after the implementation of agricultural policies towards the agroecological transition, allowing self-assessment, and provide verifiable data after a change in agricultural policies when redesigning or introducing agroecological strategies.
2023-07-01T00:00:00ZRole of genetics and lifestyle in dysmenorrhea: Systematic Review
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/3919
Role of genetics and lifestyle in dysmenorrhea: Systematic Review
Aguirre Durán, Ángel Alfonso; Martínez Arias, Natalia; de Los Ríos de la Serna, Celia Diez; Dominguez Valentin, Mev
The aim of this systematic review was to identify the current state of knowledge on the association between susceptibility genes associated with this disorder and the lifestyle of patients (including diet, habits and stress levels). It also highlighted the advances made in this field of study, from a constructive point of view, and pointed out the perspectives for research into this disorder. Dysmenorrhoea, as a primary and secondary disorder, is one of the main causes of partial or total disability in the life cycle of women, both in reproductive age and later. It is recognised as a painful and disabling disorder which, depending on the cultural context, may or may not be cured by medical care, physiotherapy and the use of pain-relieving drugs, from an unknown aetiology (primary dysmenorrhoea) or concomitantly to surgical intervention (secondary dysmenorrhoea). Lifestyle, habits and diet have been identified as related to the intensity of pain and the disability it causes (active or passive use of cigarettes, consumption of alcohol, etc.), and genes related to the interpretation of pain generated by the patient from the morphology of the hypothalamus and the associative function of pain (BNDF Val66Met polymorphism) have been identified, as well as alterations in cytokines (in primary dysmenorrhoea), prostaglandins and an influence of the Cyp1A1 gene (in passive smokers). The study perspective is usually non-integrative and limited to the site studied, as well as to professional, laboratory, imaging (gynaecological and genetic) and/or molecular resources, which can only in a few cases be of an integral approach. Limitations are compounded by the fact that not all the populations studied are usually educated about menstruation, which also limits compatibility and comparability among studies.
2023-07-01T00:00:00ZDiagnóstico de la enfermedad de Wilson y sus fenotipos usando inteligencia artificial
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/3921
Diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Wilson y sus fenotipos usando inteligencia artificial
Medici, Valentina; Czlonkowska, Anna; Litwin, Tomasz; Giulivi, Cecilia
La EW es causada por las variantes de ATP7B que alteran el eflujo de cobre y provocan una acumulación excesiva de cobre, principalmente en el hígado y el cerebro. El diagnóstico de la EW se ve dificultado por su evolución clínica variable, su aparición, su morbilidad y el tipo de variante ATP7B. Actualmente se diagnostica mediante una combinación de síntomas/signos clínicos, parámetros aberrantes del metabolismo del cobre (por ejemplo, niveles séricos bajos de ceruloplasmina y concentraciones elevadas de cobre urinario y hepático) y cuando están disponibles, a través de pruebas genéticas de mutaciones ATP7B. Dado que el diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoces son clave para obtener resultados favorables, es fundamental identificar a los sujetos antes de la aparición de manifestaciones clínicas manifiestamente perjudiciales. Con este fin, tratamos de mejorar el diagnóstico de la EW mediante algoritmos de redes neuronales artificiales (parte de la inteligencia artificial) integrando los parámetros clínicos y moleculares disponibles. Sorprendentemente, el diagnóstico de la EW se basó en los niveles plasmáticos de glutamato, asparagina, taurina y el cociente de Fischer. Dado que estos aminoácidos están relacionados con los ciclos urea-Krebs, nuestro estudio no sólo subraya el papel central de las mitocondrias hepáticas en la patología de la EW, sino también que la mayoría de los pacientes con EW presentan una disfunción hepática subyacente. Nuestro estudio aporta pruebas novedosas de que la inteligencia artificial utilizada para el análisis integrado de la EW puede dar lugar a un diagnóstico más precoz y a tratamientos mecánicamente relevantes para los pacientes con EW.
2023-07-01T00:00:00ZEffectiveness of educational interventions to reduce healthcare- associated infections in adult intensive care units: a scoping review
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/3920
Effectiveness of educational interventions to reduce healthcare- associated infections in adult intensive care units: a scoping review
Díaz Salazar, Juliana; Castro, Mónica María; Solorzano Alarcón, Mauricio
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a serious threat to patients admitted to hospitals and particularly to ICUs, as they contribute to increased mortality, prolonged length of stay and consequently increased healthcare costs. The aim of the present scoping review was to evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions for the reduction of these infections in the adult ICU. A systematic literature search was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023, making use of official electronic databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; the key terms used for the search were the following: "Healthcare Associated Infections"; "educational interventions"; "intensive care unit" in all possible combinations and making use of the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR"; the application of the PRISMA methodology allowed a final screening of ten[MOU2] (10) studies on which the present review was based. In the selected studies, it was evident that education was essential and should be shared between multidisciplinary care teams, patients, their families, and caregivers. Statistical significance was found in two studies that demonstrated a reduction in HAIs. Despite considerable variation in the duration and type of educational intervention, the importance of establishing continuing education to maintain intervention results.
2023-07-01T00:00:00Z