La retroalimentación en Educación Superior en el siglo XXI

Abstract

Throughout time, educational theorists have been concerned about providing students with different tools to improve their learning process, which is why what we call feedback arises from there, which was born given the need to allow students to identify their shortcomings in academic performance in order to solve them constantly through it, using it as an effective tool to improve the quality of learning, making the necessary adjustments and, in turn, motivate them to continue acquiring new knowledge. From this perspective, feedback is defined as the information provided by a teacher or instructor to a student about his or her work or performance, with the aim of improving his or her results and learning (Klimova & Pikhart, 2022). This paper aims to present feedback practices used in European higher education to help students and teachers to implement this process and improve classroom teaching (Egelandsdai & Krumsvik, 2019). Undoubtedly, this tool is transcendental in the educational field since teachers are concerned that their students have an excellent academic performance and that, in turn, they have a meaningful learning in front of the subject studied. In addition, feedback helps to understand the effectiveness of implementing it in the classroom, identifying better educational practices, improving learning and maximizing the potential of students. The European continent is taken as a reference since it has the evidence demonstrates a constant improvement in educational quality at all levels of education, in addition it has policies that focus on feedback as a means to support and improve the implementation of this educational tool. Likewise, it was determined that feedback seeks to change the meaning of a correction method to learning based on critical thinking. Universities in Europe not only have processes that generate results in students, but also allow teachers to innovate through technological tools and other strategies that enable clear, concise and effective learning.