| dc.contributor.advisor | Ramos Acosta, Lizeth | |
| dc.contributor.author | Barriga González, Luisa María | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ríos Cardona, Santiago | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Tuluá, Valle del Cauca, Colombia | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-07-25T05:18:18Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-07-25T05:18:18Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Barriga González, L., M., & Ríos Cardona, S., (2025). Enhancing communication through PenPals: A study on writing skills in
two academic programs at UCEVA Tesis de grado profesional, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca. | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12993/5064 | |
| dc.description | ilustraciones, gráficos, tablas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | El objetivo general de esta investigación fue analizar el impacto de la correspondencia de PenPals en el desarrollo de las habilidades de escritura en los estudiantes del primer semestre de la Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglés y en los estudiantes del segundo semestre de Comercio Internacional de la UCEVA. El trabajo se enmarca dentro de un enfoque
cualitativo, con un diseño de estudio de caso múltiple que incluyó un muestreo por conveniencia. El propósito del trabajo se logró a través de una prueba diagnóstica, en donde se identificaba el nivel de inglés de los participantes y se determinó el bajo dominio de escritura en la competencia comunicativa en inglés. Por lo que, se implementó por seis semanas el uso de PenPals como estrategia para mejorar la escritura, en el cual se les realizaba un feedback profundo y detallado sobre los errores cometidos para mejorar sus escritos en sus próximas entregas. Por ende, al finalizar se realizó una entrevista semi-estructurada para recolectar las percepciones y las experiencias de los participantes respecto al uso de esta estrategia. Los resultados finales
dictaminaron que la práctica constante de la escritura y la interacción entre PenPals, condujo a la mejora significante de la habilidad escrita, en el cual destaca aspectos como la gramática, vocabulario y puntuación. Asimismo, los estudiantes expresaron que al ser una estrategia poco convencional en las aulas de clase, resultó llamativa y auténtica para el desarrollo de las lenguas extranjeras y las habilidades sociales, lo cual aportó a la motivación de los participantes. Por ello, se concluye que al integrar estrategias dinámicas y novedosas al aula de clase puede favorecer el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa y la interacción entre los individuos que deciden usarlas. | spa |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | List of Figures /
List of Tables /
List of Appendix /
Resumen /
Abstract /
Introduction /
Chapter I: Problem Statement /
1.1. Problem description /
1.1.1. Research Question /
1.2. Objectives /
1.2.1. General objective /
1.2.2. Specific objectives /
1.3. Rationale /
Chapter II: Referential Framework /
2.1. Background studies /
2.1.1. International backgrounds studies /
2.1.2. National backgrounds studies /
2.1.3. Local background studies /
2.2. Theoretical framework /
2.2.1. Historical Overview of PenPals /
2.2.2. PenPals and Foreign Language Learning /
2.2.3. Writing approaches over time /
2.2.4. Task-Based Learning /
2.2.5. Written production according to the CEFR /
Chapter III: Methodological Design /
3.1. Methodological framework /
3.2. Methodological approach /
3.3. Research Design /
3.4. Research scope /
3.5. Population /
3.6. Strategy execution /
3.7. Data collection instruments /
3.7.1. PET Exam (Preliminary English Test) – Writing Section /
3.7.2. Semi-Structured Interview /
3.8. Data analysis instruments /
3.8.1. Custom Evaluation Scale /
3.8.2. PET Writing Section Rubric /
3.9. Data analysis process /
3.10. Error analysis process /
3.11. Instruments Validation /
Chapter IV: Results and Analysisv
4.1. Results /
4.1.1. Results from the Cambridge PET B1 Preliminary: Pre-test /
4.1.2. Results of the implementation of the PenPals strategy. /
First PenPal week /
Second PenPal week /
Third PenPal week /
Fourth PenPal week /
Fifth PenPal week /
Sixth PenPal week /
4.1.3. Results from the Cambridge PET B1 Preliminary: Post-test /
4.2. Semi-structured interview analysis /
4.2.1. First question /
4.2.2. Second question /
4.2.3. Third question /
4.2.4. Fourth question /
4.2.5. Fifth question /
4.2.6. Sixth question /
4.2.7. Seventh question /
Chapter V: Discussion /
5.1. Discussion /
5.1.1. PET results discussion /
5.1.2. Semi-structured interview discussion /
Chapter VI: Conclusions /
Chapter VII: Recommendations /
Appendix | spa |
| dc.format | PDF | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 144 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.language.iso | eng | spa |
| dc.rights | Derechos reservados - Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | * |
| dc.title | Enhancing communication through PenPals: A study on writing skills in two academic programs at UCEVA | spa |
| dc.type | bachelor thesis | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) | * |
| dcterms.audience | Estudiantes | spa |
| dcterms.audience | Docentes | spa |
| dcterms.audience | Investigadores | spa |
| dcterms.audience | Publico general | spa |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con énfasis en Inglés | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación | spa |
| dc.type.local | Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Licenciado (a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con énfasis en Inglés | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Pregrado | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | Instname:Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | repourl:https://repositorio.uceva.edu.co/ | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | spa |
| dc.rights.local | Abierto (Texto Completo) | spa |
| dc.type.content | Text | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | PenPals | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Estrategia | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Escritura | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Competencia comunicativa | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Lenguas extranjeras | spa |
| dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
| dc.coverage.city | Tuluá | spa |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Pregrado | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Especialización | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Maestría | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Allwright, D., & Bailey, K. M. (1991). Focus on the language classroom: An introduction to classroom research for language teachers. Cambridge, Inglaterra: Cambridge University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. S. (2010). Language assessment in practice: Developing language assessments and justifying their use in the real world. Oxford University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Austin: University of Texas Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Brooks, G. (1997). Foreign correspondence. Anchor Books. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Byrne, D. (1988). Teaching Writing Skills. Longman. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Multilingual Matters. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Byrnes, H. (2012). Perspectives on language learning and education in the digital age.
Language Learning & Technology, 16(2), 1-6. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cali Cómovamos (2022). Inglés, avances, retrocesos y desafíos. Cámara de Comercio de Cali. https://www.calicomovamos.org.co/bilinguismo-2022 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cambridge Assessment English. (2020). Preliminary English Test (PET) Handbook for Teachers. Cambridge University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Castillo, L., & Londoño, C. (2016). The attitudes of students towards errors and error treatment in relation to their performance in writing production (Tesis de pregrado). Universidad Santiago de Cali, Colombia. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Consejo de Europa. (2001). Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas: aprendizaje, enseñanza, evaluación. Estrasburgo: Consejo de Europa. Recuperado de https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-language | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Conley, D. T. (2003). Understanding university success: A report from Standards for Success. Cambridge: Center for Educational Policy Research. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cummins, J. (2001). Language, Power, and Pedagogy: Bilingual Children in the Crossfire. Multilingual Matters. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Departamento nacional de planeación (2019). Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2018-2022: Pacto por Colombia, pacto por la equidad. Departamento Nacional de Planeación. https://www.dnp.gov.co/plan-nacional-desarrollo/Paginas/plan-nacional-de-desarrollo-2018-2022.aspx#:~:text=El%20Plan%20Nacional%20de%20Desarrollo,del%20Emprendimiento%20y%20la%20Legalidad. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Dewi R, A. (2013). The implementation of using “pen pal” in teaching writing of descriptive texts to the seventh graders of al-falah junior high school. retain : journal of Research in English Language Teaching, 1(3). Retrieved from https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/retain/article/view/3792 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Davies, G. (2002). ICT and modern foreign languages: Learning opportunities and training needs. International Journal of English Studies, 2(1), 1-18. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methodologies. Oxford University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | EF Education First. (2024). Índice EF de dominio del inglés. https://www.ef.com.co/epi/ | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ellis, R. (2003). Task-based language learning and teaching. Oxford University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ellis, R. (2009). A typology of written corrective feedback types. ELT Journal, 63(2), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn023 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Elola, I., & Oskoz, A. (2010). Writing between the lines: Acquiring the presentational mode
through social tools. CALICO Journal, 28(1), 35-56. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Flower, L., & Hayes, J. R. (1981). A cognitive process theory of writing. College Composition and Communication, 32(4), 365-387. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | García, O., & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. Palgrave Macmillan. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | González, L. (2001). The History of PenPals in Intercultural Education. Journal of International Studies, 23(3), 45-58. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Guerrero, M. (2012). The use of Skype as a synchronous communication tool between foreign language college students and native students. HOW: A Colombian Journal for Teachers of English, 19, 33–47. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Guevara, G., Verdesoto, A., y Castro, N. (2020). Metodologías de investigación educativa(descriptivas, experimentales, participativas, y de investigación-acción). Recimundo, 4 (3), 163-173. 10.26820/ recimundo/4.(3).julio.2020.163-173 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Godwin-Jones, R. (2018). Using mobile technology to develop language skills and cultural understanding. Language Learning & Technology, 22(3), 1–17. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hatfield, E., & Rapson, R. L. (2020). From pen pals to chat rooms: The impact of social media on Middle Eastern society. Journal of Communication and Society, 12(3), 45-67. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Harmer, J. (2004). How to Teach Writing. Pearson Education. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Harmer, J. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching (4th ed.). Pearson Longman. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hastuti, D. T. (2016). Theuse of pen pal project to teach writing skill of recount text to the tenth grade students of sman 1 trenggalek. retain, 4(1). | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hernández Sampieri, R., Fernández Collado, C., & Baptista Lucio, P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación (6.ª ed.). McGraw-Hill. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hinkel, E. (2006). Current Perspectives on Teaching the Four Skills. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1), 109-131. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hills, D. (2012). Developing writing through collaboration: Exploring student perceptions. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 3(4), 707–714. https://doi.org/xxxx | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hendrickson, R., & Peterson-Hernandez, K. (2020). Using Pen Pals in the Classroom to Motivate Reluctant Writers. Texas Journal Of Literacy Education, 8(2), 50-61. https://www.talejournal.com/index.php/TJLE/article/view/31 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hymes, D. H. (1972). On communicative competence. En J. B. Pride & J. Holmes (Eds.), Sociolinguistics (pp. 269-293). Penguin. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hyland, K. (2003). Second Language Writing. Cambridge University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Jones, P. (2012). Student Anxiety in Language Learning: A Case Study. Language Learning Journal, 38(1), 31-46. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kern, R. (2000). Literacy and language teaching. Oxford University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kern, R. (2006). Perspectives on technology in learning and teaching languages. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1), 183-210. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Knutson, K. (2016). Beyond stereotypes: Structured cultural exchange in the digital age. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 45(4), 273-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2016.1198654 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Krashen, S. (2004). The Power of Reading: Insights from the Research. Libraries Unlimited. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kvale, S. (2007). Doing Interviews. SAGE Publications. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Larrotta, C., & Serrano, A. F. (2012). Pen Pal Writing: A Holistic and Socio-Cultural Approach to Adult English Literacy. Journal Of Adult Education Tanzania, 41(1), 8-18. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ991453.pdf | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lee, L. (2010). Fostering intercultural competence through computer-mediated communication. CALICO Journal, 27(2), 260–276. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lie, W. W., & Yunus, M. M. (2018). Pen Pals Are Now in Your Finger Tips— A Global Collaboration Online Project to Develop Writing Skills. Creative Education, 09(15), 2491-2504. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2018.915188 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lightbown, P., & Spada, N. (2013). How Languages Are Learned. Oxford University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lopez, R. (2015). Digital Correspondence and Its Impact on Language Acquisition. Journal of Language Teaching, 12(4), 22-36. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Maxwell, L. R. (2015). Voices of pen pals: Exploring the relationship between daily writing and writing development and reading comprehension in third grade students. Ohio University. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Marashi, H., & Dadari, L. (2012). The impact of using task-based writing on EFL learners' writing skills and creativity. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(12), 2500-2507.doi:10.4304/tpls.2.12.2500-2507 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ministerio de Educación Nacional. (2006). Guía No. 22: Estándares básicos de competencias en lenguas extranjeras: Inglés. MEN. https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/1759/articles-115174_archivo_pdf.pdf | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia. (2017). Evaluación de la Política de Bilingüismo en Colombia. Disponible en: https://www.mineducacion.gov.co | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Niño, V. M. (2011). Metodología de la investigación. Ediciones de la U. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nunan, D. (2004). Task-based language teaching. Cambridge University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | O´ Dowd, R. (2018). Telecollaboration and virtual exchange in foreign language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 22(3), 77-81. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Paltridge, B., & Starfield, S. (2013). The Handbook of English for Specific Purposes. Wiley-Blackwell. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pizarro-Aguado, M. A. (2022). ¿Cómo desarrollar las competencias comunicativas en inglés como lengua extranjera, a través de la educación STEAM y la actividad Pen Pals, aumentando las posibilidades de una zona de desarrollo próximo en los estudiantes del grado quinto en el Colegio Bennett?
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/52676 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Peñaloza, A. C., & Rallón, A. O. (2019). Dear Someone: Connecting Medical Students and Rural Elementary School Students Through Pen Pal Letters. Enletawa Journal, 11(2),13–29. https://doi.org/10.19053/2011835X.9793 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Richards, J. C. (1970). A non-contrastive approach to error analysis. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual TESOL Convention, San Francisco. Recuperado de https://www.professorjackrichards.com/wp-content/uploads/1971-paper.pdf | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sermsook, K., Liamnimitr, J., & Pochakorn, R. (2017). An analysis of errors in written English sentences: A case study of Thai EFL students. English Language Teaching, 10(3), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n3p101 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Storch, N. (2005). Collaborative writing: Product, process and students’ reflections. Journal of Second Language Writing, 14(3), 153-173. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Stake, R. E. (1998). Investigación con estudio de casos. https://apunteca.usal.edu.ar/id/eprint/2690/ | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing &; Health, 23(4), 334–340. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Smith, J. (1999). Cross-Cultural Communication: Historical Perspectives and Modern Applications. Cambridge University Press. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Stevens, D. (2007). PenPals as a Tool for Foreign Language Writing Development. Language and Communication, 18(2), 12-28. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Taylor, B. P. (1980). Teaching composition skills to low-level ESL students. En K. Croft (Ed.), Readings on English as a second language (2ª ed., pp. 199-210). Little, Brown and Company. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Tang, W. (2010). The Benefits of Cultural Exchange through PenPals in the Foreign Language Classroom. Language Learning Review, 9(3), 44-61. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Thought and Language. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Wang, L., & Lin, Y. (2018). The impact of digital tools on intercultural exchange and student engagement. International Journal of Educational Technology, 45(1), 134-149.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edtech.2018.04.013 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Warschauer, M. (1996). Telecollaboration in foreign language learning: Proceedings of the Hawai‘i symposium. University of Hawai‘i. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Warschauer, M. (2000). The death of cyberspace and the rebirth of CALL. English Teachers’ Journal, 53(1), 61-67. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Warschauer, M. (2020). "Online Learning in Second Language Classrooms: An Annotated Bibliography." Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Warschauer, M. (2020). Technology and the Teaching of Writing. TESOL Quarterly, 54(1), 21-34. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Yin, R. K. (1989). Case study research: Design and methods (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://books.google.es/books?id=BWea_9ZGQMwC&printsec=frontcover&hl=es#v=onepag e&q&f=false | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zamora Valencia, D. F., & Ramos Acosta, L. (2019). Errors and students’ insights on L2 writing: analysis of A1 English adult learners. Lenguaje, 47(2), 409-426. doi: 10.25100/lenguaje.v47i2.7709 | spa |
| dc.contributor.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9035-1992 | spa |
| dcterms.audience.redcol | Comunidad Cientrífica Colombiana | spa |
| dcterms.audience.redcol | Grupos de investigación | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | PenPals | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Strategy | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Writting | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Communicative competence | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Foreign Languages | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | The overall objective of this research was to analyze the impact of PenPals correspondence on the development of writing skills in first-semester students of the Bachelor of Arts in Foreign Languages with an Emphasis on English and second-semester students of International Trade at UCEVA. The work was framed within a qualitative approach, with a multiple case study design
that included a convenience sample. The purpose of the study was achieved through a diagnostic test, which identified the participants; level of English and determined their low proficiency in writing in English communication. Therefore, PenPals was implemented for six weeks as a strategy to improve writing, in which participants received in depth and detailed feedback on the
mistakes they made in order to improve their writing in future assignments. At the end of the study, a semi-structured interview was conducted to gather the participants; perceptions and experiences regarding the use of this strategy.The final results showed that constant writing practice and interaction between PenPals led to a significant improvement in writing skills,
particularly in areas such as grammar, vocabulary, and punctuation. Likewise, the students expressed that, as it was an unconventional strategy in the classroom, it was striking and authentic for the development of foreign languages and social skills, which contributed to the motivation of the participants. Therefore, it is concluded that integrating dynamic and innovative
strategies into the classroom can favor the development of communicative competence and interaction among individuals who decide to use them. | spa |
| dc.contributor.cvlac | https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000869546 | spa |